Valuable metals are commonly bound up in solid minerals. Biomining, bioleaching of copper, uranium and gold. Status of the bioleaching technologies and directions taken by biomine. Commercial process of bioleaching naturally occur bioleaching process is very slow. Engineering microbial consortia to enhance biomining and. Although pure cultures of bacteria or archaea can degrade sulfide minerals, it is now well established that bioleaching and biooxidation in all biomining operations is mediated by consortia of acidophilic prokaryotes. Biomining for insitu resource utilization darin ragozzine harvard university 030504 nasa institute for advanced concepts student visions of the futu slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Disadvantages slow process timeconsuming uranium industrialscale bioleaching by spraying stope walls with acid mine drainage insitu irrigation of fractured underground ore deposits. Industrial biomining processes are currently focused on metal sulfides and their dissolution, which is catalyzed by acidophilic ironii andor sulfuroxidizing microorganisms. Biomining is a technique of extracting metals from ores and other solid materials typically using prokaryotes or fungi. Customers affiliates powerpoint tutorial videotour infographics.
The formation of organic or inorganic acids protons. A new laurentian university industrial research chair position in biomining, bioremediation and science communication has the potential to kickstart a new industry in sudbury that could create hundreds or even thousands of jobs, said the director of the vale living with lakes centre. What advantages does biomining have over other metal extraction methods. Biooxidation is the enrichment of metals, particularly gold, by mobilization and thus removal of interfering metal sulfides from ores bearing the precious metals rohwerder et al. The researchers have found bioleaching microbes in mine sites and acid sulphate soils in the west australian wheatbelt.
Microbiology syllabus contents and scheme of examination for the candidates admitted from the academic year 20082009. Microbial leaching bioleaching, biomining environmental. Mining operations have long benefited from the activities of such naturally occurring microorganisms, especially the ability of some bacteria to leach the metals from insoluble ores. The mineralogical society of america is composed of indivi duals interested in mineralogy, crystallography, petrology, and geochemistry. Improve isolates by conventional mutation and selection or by genetic engineering. In microbial leaching or bioleaching metals can be extracted from large quantities of low grade ores this process has been used for centuries to recover copper form the drainage water of mines the role of microbes in the bioleaching came into notice some 40 years ago. These salttolerant microorganisms have been used to develop bioleaching cultures that could be used for biomining operations where fresh water is scarce or where the leach liquors are salty. Some microbes can oxidize those metals, allowing them to dissolve in. For commercial extraction of metal by bioleaching the process is optimized by controlling the ph, temperature, humidity, o2 and co2 concentrations. Bioleaching microbes harvest energy for their metabolism by catalyzing the production and recycling of some leaching reagents. Bioleaching application of biotechnology in mining industry. Biomining entails the use of acidophilic microbes to facilitate the recovery process of metals from sulfide minerals in the processes of bioleaching and biooxidation.
Introduction bioleaching is the simple and effective technology for metal extraction from low grade ores and. Delegates who have prepared their presentations using apple keynote should ensure the presentation has been converted to pdf or powerpoint before uploading. Biomining is applied bioleaching and biooxidation with the aim of extracting metals from ore in contrast to acid mine drainage which is uncontrolled and unintentional. In a quest for engineering acidophiles for biomining applications. Bioleaching commonly refers to biomining technology applied to base metals. Oct 02, 2015 here is a small powerpoint presentation on bioleaching a phytomining. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about copper bioleaching ppt. Biomining article about biomining by the free dictionary. The second technique what are the benefits, and drawbacks of biomining. Microbial leaching bioleaching, biomining microbial leaching is the process by which metals are dissolved from ore bearing rocks using microorganisms. Biomining is the process of using microorganisms microbes to extract metals of economic interest from rock ores or mine waste. Brittany molkenthin works cited pros a requires low input of labor b considerably green, low gas emission c low use of energy d lower costs to operate e cleaner process cons a limited to only a small. Ewaste recycling has become a hotly debated global issue.
Biomining biotechnologies for extracting and recovering. Bioleaching kinetics the rate of bacterial oxidation is higher than that of chemical oxidation under. Biomining is the use of autotrophic, acidophilic, iron, and sulfuroxidizing microorganisms to produce ferric iron and sulfuric acid. Oct 15, 2016 universal reserves of highgrade ores are diminishing at an alarming rate due to the rapid increase in the demand for metals.
During bioleaching, metals such as copper, nickel or zinc are oxidized through microbial action from the waterinsoluble sulfide to the soluble sulfate forms. Pictures of each step in the process, a description to link to and differentiated questions. Due to an increase in consumerism, heightened dependence on technology, and an overall world population growth, more and more minerals and metals need to be extracted from the earths surface as shown in figure 1. Biomining and bioleaching biomining and bioleaching. Use of lectins to in situ visualize glycoconjugates of. Cell attachment on metal sulfides is important for this process. Biomining is done in two steps often called bioleaching and biooxidation. In order to investigate glycoconjugates, a major part of the eps, during biofilm formation bioleaching by archaea on pyrite, a screening with 75 commercially available lectins by fluorescence lectin. Biomining mineral bioleaching, mineral biooxidation. Nowadays the production of copper from lowgrade ores is the most important industrial application and a significant part of world copper production already originates from heap or dumpstockpile bioleaching.
Biomining and bioleaching a free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Bioleaching of metals from hazardous spent hydroprocessing catalysts was attempted in the second stage after growing the bacteria with sulfur in the first stage. The future of bioleaching isolate new bacterial strains from extreme environments, such as minedrainage sites, hot springs, and waste sites, and use these to seed bioleaching processes. Biomining is the use of microorganisms in the recovery of metals from ores. Having developed from a very simple operational in terms of both engineering and biology process, biomining has developed into a multifaceted technology, to the extent that many of the largest industrial stirred tanks and heaps throughout the world are. The environmental consequences of mining and quarrying are vast, as highlighted in the mining section. Recovering of minerals from microorganisms, recovering of oil and single cell oil. New resources for metals must be developed with the aid of novel technologies. This study, using china as a case study, analyzes the environmental, economic, and social implications of ewaste recycling in the developing world. Today the recovery of copper from sulfide ores is the most important industrial application, and a significant proportion of the world copper production originates from heap or dump. Free essys, homework help, flashcards, research papers, book report, term papers, history, science, politics. Ppt biomining and bioleaching leon nyamweda academia. Although it is a new technique used by the mining industry to extract minerals such as copper, uranium and gold from their ores but nowadays biomining occupies an increasingly important place among the available mining technologies. In industrial bioleaching biomining three technical processes are differentiated.
Biomining is the extraction of specific metals from their ores through biological means, usually microorganism. Biomining is the extraction of specific metals from their ores through biological means usually bacteria. Bhp billiton is the owner of the mine and manages the open pit copper mine in atacama desert, in the north. Biotechnology for metal bearing materials in europe. Bioleaching is a conversion of an insoluble valuable metal into a soluble form by means of microorganisms. Biomining is an increasingly applied biotechnological procedure for processing of ores in the mining industry biohydrometallurgy. Culture of plant tissues, regeneration of plants, root culture, meristem culture, anther culture, pollen culture.
More practical approaches, taking into account local economic and social conditions and the principles of extended producer responsibility, are recommended to alleviate the increasing. View and download powerpoint presentations on copper bioleaching ppt. This website and its content is subject to our terms and conditions. Bioleaching of cobalt containing pyrite in stirred reactors, a case study from laboratory scale to industrial application. Biofilm formation is necessary for seeding and persistence of the active microbial community in industrial biomining heaps and tank reactors. Pdf biomininga useful approach toward metal extraction.
These organisms secrete different organic compounds that chelate metals from the environment and bring it back to the cell where they are typically used to coordinate electrons. Ores with low metal content are not suitable for direct smelting but it is possible to extract metals economically using the activity of microorganisms. Introduction future sustainable development requires measures to reduce the dependence on nonrenewable raw materials and the demand for primary resources. Ultra concentrated wetlands in a constructed environment make these the smallest footprint, highest efficiency solutions for a host of mining impacts or opportunities. Multiomics reveals the lifestyle of the acidophilic. For the last 10 centuries, microorganisms have assisted in the recovery of copper dissolved in drainage from water.
Capture acid mine drainage, precious metals and other elements passively with our patented metal removal units. Although a number of unresolved challenges in conventional biomining remain, such as bioleaching chalcopyrite and using brackish and saline water for bioprocessing minerals, recent innovations, such as the reductive bioprocessing of oxidized metal deposits, suggest that new opportunities for developing biotechnologies in the mining and. Biomining presentation chemistry natural materials. Biomining is the biotechnology that uses microorganisms to recover metals, in particular copper and gold, from ores and concentrates. Biomining a useful approach toward metal extraction.
Heap or dump bioleaching, tank bioleaching, in situ or in place bioleaching. Jan 09, 2012 in relation to bacterial leaching and biomining, microorganisms are using and releasing minerals in the earths crust since ancient times. Readbag users suggest that 200809mscmicrobiologyallfoursemesterssyllabus. Feasibility step ii and basic engineering complementary testwork on bioleaching, zinc solvent extraction and electrowinning.
Thiagarajar college autonomous maudurai9 department of. Role of tissue culture technology in crop improvements. Biomining and bioleaching powerpoint ppt presentation free to view. Bioleaching of the metal sulfide rich concentrate to. Dec 18, 2006 biomining is the biotechnology that uses microorganisms to recover metals, in particular copper and gold, from ores and concentrates. Oct 19, 20 cards for pupils to create a flowchart on how pure copper is obtained from lowgrades ores via bioleaching and phytomining. In a country like india biomining has great national significance where there is vast unexploited mineral potential mogal and desai, 1992. The biologically produced leaching reagents attack the minerals and leach the metals in abiotic reactions. Ppt biomining and bioleaching powerpoint presentation. These chemicals are capable of oxidizing a variety of minerals. The file contains 72 pages and is free to view, download or print. In this method low grade ore is dumped into a heap. Miroorganisms used for leaching the most commonly used microorganisms for bioleaching are thiobacillus thiooxidans and t.